Ⅰ. 历史溯源：从墨西哥独立到晚清中国的“白银之路”

（1）墨西哥鹰洋的诞生与全球流通
1823年，墨西哥脱离西班牙殖民统治，建立独立共和国后，亟需建立本国货币体系以巩固经济主权。1824年宪法通过后，墨西哥政府于1823年开始铸造“鹰洋”（Peso），以“展翅雄鹰叼蛇”为国徽核心图案，象征墨西哥人民战胜殖民压迫、拥抱自由的精神。鹰洋以高纯度白银（含银90%）、统一规格（8瑞尔面值）迅速成为拉丁美洲最稳定的货币，并随着全球贸易网络扩散至亚洲、欧洲乃至北美。

（2）鹰洋入华：晚清通商口岸的“国际货币”
19世纪中叶，中国因鸦片战争被迫开放通商口岸，外国银元凭借成色标准、兑换便捷的优势，逐渐取代传统制钱与银两。墨西哥鹰洋因西班牙“本洋”退市（1825年后西班牙经济衰退），成为填补市场空白的首选。据《海关十年报告（1882-1891）》记载，仅广州一口岸，每年流入的鹰洋超千万枚，至1890年代，鹰洋已占据中国外币流通量的60%以上，成为长江流域、华南商埠乃至京津地区的“硬通货”。此枚1895年鹰洋，正是这一历史浪潮下的产物，其铸造年份恰逢墨西哥“科学家总统”波菲里奥·迪亚斯（Porfirio Díaz）执政中期，墨西哥经济稳定，银币铸造量达历史峰值，而中国则处于甲午战败后的动荡期，鹰洋的广泛流通成为晚清金融“外力介入”的缩影。

Ⅱ. 钱币设计解析：艺术与象征的完美融合

（1）正面：国徽图腾的深层寓意

• 雄鹰叼蛇：源自阿兹特克文明传说——羽蛇神指引先民在鹰噬蛇处建城（今墨西哥城）。鹰的展翅姿态、蛇的扭曲挣扎，动态感极强，象征墨西哥民族不屈的抗争精神。 • 月桂与橡树枝环：环绕鹰图的枝环象征胜利与力量，枝叶细节清晰可辨，展现墨西哥城造币厂（厂标“Mo”）的精湛冲压工艺。

（2）背面：自由帽与射线纹的共和理想

• 自由帽（Gorro Frigio）：古罗马共和制的象征，帽顶三色绶带暗喻独立、平等、博爱。 • 放射纹饰：32道射线从自由帽后迸发，象征墨西哥31州与联邦区的团结，亦暗含“启蒙之光”普照大地的寓意。 • 铭文密码：“8R”代表面值8瑞尔，“G.1895”为年份及铸地代码（G=墨西哥城），“10D.20G”标明银重（10迪纳厄斯=20格令），体现近代货币标准化理念。

Ⅲ. 藏品品相报告：原味极美品相的稀缺性

• 整体状态：未经过人工清洗或修复，保留原始流通痕迹，包浆呈琥珀色与灰蓝色渐变，系长期自然氧化与把玩形成，质感温润如玉。 • 细节鉴赏： 雄鹰图：羽毛层次分明，蛇身鳞片清晰可触，鹰爪肌肉线条锐利如初。 • 自由帽射线：32道射线根根挺立，无磨损粘连，帽顶绶带褶皱立体饱满。

• 文字与边齿：铭文“REPUBLICA MEXICANA”字口深峻，边齿规整无损，彰显官方造币厂的品控严苛。

• 稀缺性说明：1895年鹰洋虽属发行高峰，但经晚清至民国的长期流通、熔毁改铸及战乱损耗，保存如初者不足1%。此枚原味品相，堪称“时间胶囊”级藏品。

Ⅳ. 拍卖亮点：专业服务与全球视野

（1）权威溯源保障

• 提供国际知名评级机构（PCGS/NGC）或中国钱币学会双重鉴定，出具真伪、品相及历史背景分析报告。 • 附赠1895年墨西哥铸币档案摘录（电子版），详述该年份银币的发行背景与历史意义。

（2）全球化竞拍生态

• 通过拍卖行多语言平台（中/英/西语）及国际钱币社群定向推广，触达墨西哥本土藏家、中国近代史研究者及国际银币收藏机构。 • 定制化展陈方案：高清多角度图录、历史背景解说视频，增强藏品叙事感染力。

（3）无忧交易服务

• 提供代封装（PCGS/NGC）、跨境物流保险、关税咨询等全流程支持。 • 支持多币种结算，保障国际买家参与便利性。

Ⅴ. 收藏意义：跨越时空的文化对话

• 历史实证价值：此枚鹰洋是晚清中国被迫融入全球贸易体系的实物见证，其流通轨迹折射出19世纪末中墨两国在白银经济中的共生关系。 • 艺术鉴赏价值：墨西哥城造币厂的经典设计，融合本土神话与共和理想，是近代钱币美学的典范之作。 • 学术研究价值：为研究晚清金融史、中外货币文化交流、墨西哥近代政治史提供一手物证。

Ⅵ. 特别说明：藏品唯一性与竞拍机遇

此枚1895年鹰洋为单一委托拍卖，无保留价，起拍价象征性设定以飨藏家。其原味极美品相与清晰历史脉络，使之超越普通银币收藏范畴，成为可传世的“微型历史档案”。对于专注中外交流史、银币艺术或贵金属收藏的藏家而言，此乃不可复制的典藏机遇。
1895 Mexican Eagle Silver Coin · Silver Witness of Sino foreign Trade in the Late Qing Dynasty · Original Casting of Extremely Beautiful Appearance · Mexico City Factory Logo "Mo" Collection Grade Hard Currency

Ⅰ. Historical Origins: The "Silver Road" from Mexican Independence to Late Qing China

(1) The Birth and Global Circulation of the Mexican Eagle Ocean

In 1823, after breaking away from Spanish colonial rule and establishing an independent republic, Mexico urgently needed to establish its own currency system to consolidate its economic sovereignty. After the adoption of the 1824 Constitution, the Mexican government began casting the "Peso" (Eagle Ocean) in 1823, with the core design of the national emblem being "spreading its wings, an eagle holding a snake", symbolizing the spirit of the Mexican people in overcoming colonial oppression and embracing freedom. Eagle Ocean quickly became the most stable currency in Latin America with high-purity silver (containing 90% silver) and uniform specifications (8 riel face value), and spread to Asia, Europe, and even North America with the global trade network.

(2) Eagle Ocean Enters China: The 'International Currency' of Late Qing Commercial Ports

In the mid-19th century, China was forced to open its trading ports due to the Opium War, and foreign silver dollars gradually replaced traditional currency and silver coins with the advantages of standard purity and convenient exchange. The Mexican Eagle Ocean became the first choice to fill the market gap due to the delisting of the Spanish "main ocean" (Spain's economic recession after 1825). According to the Customs Ten Year Report (1882-1891), Guangzhou alone receives over ten million Yingyang coins annually. By the 1890s, Yingyang had already accounted for over 60% of China's foreign currency circulation, becoming a "hard currency" in the Yangtze River Basin, southern China's commercial ports, and even the Beijing Tianjin region. This 1895 Eagle Ocean is a product of this historical trend, and its minting year coincided with the mid-term of the Mexican "scientist president" Porfirio D í az's presidency. Mexico's economy was stable, and the amount of silver coins minted reached a historical peak, while China was in a turbulent period after the defeat in the First Sino Japanese War. The widespread circulation of Eagle Ocean became a microcosm of the financial "external intervention" in the late Qing Dynasty.

Ⅱ. Coin Design Analysis: The Perfect Fusion of Art and Symbolism

(1) Front: Deep symbolism of the national emblem totem

Eagle holding snake: Originating from the Aztec civilization legend – the feathered serpent god guided the ancestors to build a city (now Mexico City) where the eagle devoured the snake. The soaring posture of eagles and the twisting struggle of snakes create a strong sense of dynamism, symbolizing the indomitable spirit of struggle of the Mexican nation.

Laurel and Oak Branch Rings: The branch rings surrounding the eagle image symbolize victory and strength, with clear and distinguishable details of the branches and leaves, showcasing the exquisite stamping craftsmanship of the Mexico City Mint (logo "Mo").

(2) Back: Republican Ideal with Freedom Hat and Ray Pattern

Gorro Frigio: a symbol of the ancient Roman Republic, with a tricolor ribbon at the top symbolizing independence, equality, and universal love.

Radiation pattern: 32 rays burst out from behind the Freedom Hat, symbolizing the unity of Mexico's 31 states and the Federal District, and also implying the meaning of the "light of enlightenment" shining on the earth.

Inscription code: "8R" represents a face value of 8 riels, "G.1895" represents the year and mint code (G=Mexico City), and "10D.20G" indicates the silver weight (10 dinars=20 grams), reflecting the concept of modern currency standardization.

Ⅲ. Collectibles Appearance Report: Scarcity of Original Taste and Extremely Beautiful Appearance

Overall condition: Without manual cleaning or repair, the original circulation traces are retained, and the patina has an amber and gray blue gradient, formed by long-term natural oxidation and handling, with a warm and smooth texture like jade.

Appreciation of Details:

Eagle image: The feathers are clearly layered, the snake's scales are clear and touchable, and the muscles of the eagle's claws are as sharp as ever.

Free hat rays: 32 rays stand upright with no wear or adhesion, and the hat top ribbon is wrinkled and full in three dimensions.

Text and edge teeth: The inscription "REPUBLICA MEXICANA" has a deep and steep mouth, with neat and undamaged edge teeth, demonstrating the strict quality control of the official mint.

Scarcity Explanation: Although Eagle Ocean was at its peak of issuance in 1895, less than 1% of it remained intact after long-term circulation, melting and casting, and war damage from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. This original flavor item can be considered a "time capsule" level collectible.

Ⅳ. Auction Highlights: Professional Services and Global Perspective

(1) Authoritative traceability guarantee

Provide dual authentication from internationally renowned rating agencies (PCGS/NGC) or the Chinese Numismatic Society, and issue reports on authenticity, appearance, and historical background analysis.

Attached is an excerpt from the 1895 Mexican Coinage Archive (electronic version), detailing the background and historical significance of the issuance of silver coins in that year.

(2) Global auction ecosystem

Through multilingual platforms of auction houses (Chinese/English/Spanish) and targeted promotion by international coin communities, reach local collectors in Mexico, researchers in modern Chinese history, and international silver coin collection institutions.

Customized exhibition plan: high-definition multi angle catalog, historical background explanatory videos, enhancing the narrative appeal of the collection.

(3) Worry free trading service

Provide full process support such as proxy packaging (PCGS/NGC), cross-border logistics insurance, tariff consultation, etc.

Support multi currency settlement to ensure the convenience of international buyers' participation.

Ⅴ. Meaning of Collection: Cultural Dialogue Across Time and Space

Historical empirical value: This Eagle Ocean is a tangible witness to China's forced integration into the global trade system during the late Qing Dynasty, and its circulation trajectory reflects the symbiotic relationship between China and Mexico in the silver economy at the end of the 19th century.

Artistic Appreciation Value: The classic design of the Mexico City Mint, blending local mythology with republican ideals, is a model of modern coin aesthetics.

Academic research value: Providing first-hand evidence for studying the financial history of the late Qing Dynasty, the exchange of currency and culture between China and foreign countries, and the modern political history of Mexico.

Ⅵ. Special note: Uniqueness of collectibles and auction opportunities

This 1895 Eagle Ocean is a single commission auction with no reserve price, and the starting price is symbolically set for collectors. Its original flavor is extremely beautiful and its clear historical context transcends the scope of ordinary silver coin collection, becoming a "miniature historical archive" that can be passed down through generations. For collectors who focus on the history of Sino foreign exchanges, silver coin art, or precious metal collections, this is an irreplaceable opportunity for collection.